Basic medical research refers to ventures into discovering the fundamentals of disease processes. For example, genetic analysis of inherited disorders, the factors that lead to tropical infections (e.g., malaria, dengue, etc.), features of state-specific diseases (e.g., Dystonia of Panay), etc.
Applied medical research refers to applying basic research in discovering new drugs, treatments, and innovations. For example, knowing that Diabetes is caused by insulin resistance led to the development of insulin therapies.